When you talk with someone on the Net or give them an e-mail, do you ever stop worrying about how many different machines you use in the process? Of example, there's the machine on your own side and another at the other end of the room where the other person is seated, able to talk. But there are potentially around a dozen other computers bridging the distance between the two devices, making contact between them possible. Collectively, all the related computers worldwide are called the Internet. How are they referring to each other? Let's look at this closer!
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The word "Web" is used by many to mean going online. Currently the "Internet" is nothing more than the simple network of computers. Think of something like the mobile network or the highway network that criss-crosses the planet. Telephones and roads, much like the Internet, are networks. The stuff you're doing on the phone and the traffic that flows down the roads runs on the simple network's "hel." Similarly, things like the World Wide Web (the database sites that we can browse online), instant message chat services, MP3 music streaming, and file sharing are also items that run on top of the Internet's simple computing network.
The internet is an isolated set of computer systems (and networks of computers in businesses, schools and colleges) that is closely connected and primarily via the telephone network. The communications between computer networks include a combination of copper, fibre optic cables (sending signals in the beams of light), cellular communication (sending information via the air, waves), and satellite links.
Much like the postal service, the flexibility of the internet means it can accommodate a number of different kinds of information that can help people perform several different jobs. The processing of emails, web sites, text messages or something else is not specialized: all material is handled similarly and carried on in precisely the same manner. Since the internet is built so clearly, it can be quickly used by users to execute fresh "applications "— new stuff that execute on top of the existing computer network. That is why when two European inventors invented Skype, an online telephone communication device, they needed only to write a program that could translate speech to and fresh from the online. To make Skype feasible no one had to restore the entire Website.
The bulk of data travel over the Internet, called packet switching in a whole new way. Assume you're giving someone in China an email. The e-mail is split up into small sections called packages, rather than opening a long and confusing path between your home and China, and delivering the e-mail all together. Each is branded and allowed to fly by itself at its ultimate destination. All the packets could potentially fly along completely different routes. We are reassembled via e-mail again after we hit their final destination.
Switching packets is much safer than switching loops. For the time being, there is no constant communication between the two communicating sites, so each time a message is transmitted you should not obstruct a whole part of the network. More users are able to use the network concurrently and because packets will pass through many paths, depending on which are the quietest or busiest, the whole network is being used more widely making the traffic all over quicker and more effective.
Circuit flipping is a very slow way to use a network, if you think about it. No one else will get through to any of you by phone all the time you are connected to your friend's home. (Imagine sitting on your computer, typing an email for an hour or more — and nobody sitting able to contact you as you were doing so.) Suppose you're chatting very quietly on the phone, leaving long stretches in silence, or running off to make a cup of coffee. And if you are not actively transmitting information down the line, the circuit is still connected and still blocking the use of it by other users.
What Is The Internet?
Thanks to a worldwide network of computers we call the Internet global connectivity is now fast. The Internet has grown in less than 20 years to connect about 230 different countries. Even some of the poorest developed countries in the world are linked now.The word "Web" is used by many to mean going online. Currently the "Internet" is nothing more than the simple network of computers. Think of something like the mobile network or the highway network that criss-crosses the planet. Telephones and roads, much like the Internet, are networks. The stuff you're doing on the phone and the traffic that flows down the roads runs on the simple network's "hel." Similarly, things like the World Wide Web (the database sites that we can browse online), instant message chat services, MP3 music streaming, and file sharing are also items that run on top of the Internet's simple computing network.
The internet is an isolated set of computer systems (and networks of computers in businesses, schools and colleges) that is closely connected and primarily via the telephone network. The communications between computer networks include a combination of copper, fibre optic cables (sending signals in the beams of light), cellular communication (sending information via the air, waves), and satellite links.
What Does The Internet Do?
The internet has a very basic task: transferring computerized data from place to location. This is it! This is it! The details they store on the Internet is handled in the same manner by the computers. The Internet is a little like the mail service in that way. Letters are only transferred from one location to another, whether they come from or contain messages. The job of the postal service is to transfer letters from one location to another, not to think about whether the people send letters first.Much like the postal service, the flexibility of the internet means it can accommodate a number of different kinds of information that can help people perform several different jobs. The processing of emails, web sites, text messages or something else is not specialized: all material is handled similarly and carried on in precisely the same manner. Since the internet is built so clearly, it can be quickly used by users to execute fresh "applications "— new stuff that execute on top of the existing computer network. That is why when two European inventors invented Skype, an online telephone communication device, they needed only to write a program that could translate speech to and fresh from the online. To make Skype feasible no one had to restore the entire Website.
How Can Data Travel On The Internet?
Packet Switching
The Internet could operate by circuit flipping, theoretically — and certain parts of it still do. You use circuit switching to go online because you have a conventional "dialup" access to the Net (where your machine dials a phone number to reach the Internet service provider through what is essentially an regular telephone call). You'll know this can be maddeningly wasteful. Nobody will contact you when you're online; you're going to be paid with any second you're still on the Net; and the network connectivity should work fairly slowly.The bulk of data travel over the Internet, called packet switching in a whole new way. Assume you're giving someone in China an email. The e-mail is split up into small sections called packages, rather than opening a long and confusing path between your home and China, and delivering the e-mail all together. Each is branded and allowed to fly by itself at its ultimate destination. All the packets could potentially fly along completely different routes. We are reassembled via e-mail again after we hit their final destination.
Switching packets is much safer than switching loops. For the time being, there is no constant communication between the two communicating sites, so each time a message is transmitted you should not obstruct a whole part of the network. More users are able to use the network concurrently and because packets will pass through many paths, depending on which are the quietest or busiest, the whole network is being used more widely making the traffic all over quicker and more effective.
Circuit Switching
Most of the Internet is working on the standard public telecommunications network but there is a major gap in how a telephone call operates and how data is transported on the Internet. Your phone opens a direct connection (or circuit) between your home and theirs if you call a friend. If you had a huge map of the worldwide telecommunications grid (and that would be a very huge map!), you could potentially mark a straight line running over several miles of cable in your friend's house all the way from his home to your computer. The circuit remains permanently open between your two phones for as long as you are on the line. That is called circuit flipping, a method of connecting phones together. During the old days you received a telephone call, someone sitting on a "transfer pad" (literally, a wooden board with wires and ties across it) pulled wires inside and outside to make temporary links between the houses. The circuit adjustment is now made by wireless telephone switching automatically.Circuit flipping is a very slow way to use a network, if you think about it. No one else will get through to any of you by phone all the time you are connected to your friend's home. (Imagine sitting on your computer, typing an email for an hour or more — and nobody sitting able to contact you as you were doing so.) Suppose you're chatting very quietly on the phone, leaving long stretches in silence, or running off to make a cup of coffee. And if you are not actively transmitting information down the line, the circuit is still connected and still blocking the use of it by other users.
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